Causes and incidence

Adhesions develop from the body’s immediate inflammatory response to surgery or trauma. Within the first few minutes of tissue injury, platelets begin to adhere to the injured site and release chemical signals which promote clotting. This results in fibrin deposition that can lead to fibrin threads developing into adhesion bands or bridges connecting tissues or organs meant to be separate and move independently.

Postoperative adhesions are common across a wide range of surgical areas,1,2,3 occurring in:

93%

of cases following abdominal or pelvic surgery

33%

of cases after hysteroscopic resection of sub-mucosal fibroids

20%–40%

of Failed Back Surgery Syndrome (FBSS) cases

24%

of cases following surgical repair of extensor tendon injuries

Complications and costs

Adhesions are associated with a variety of postoperative complications, including:

Chronic pain, including back pain following spine surgery and pelvic pain following gynecologic procedures

Infertility or inability to carry pregnancy to term following intrauterine surgery

Small bowel obstruction following certain abdominal procedures

Limited range of motion following tendon and peripheral nerve procedures

Adhesion removal surgery (adhesiolysis) can cause a recurring cycle of new adhesion formation

Prolonged operative time and bleeding in subsequent surgeries, requiring surgeons to painstakingly navigate through adhesions

Treatment for adhesions is costly. In the United States alone, complications related to postsurgical adhesions result in nearly one million additional days of inpatient care annually and costs the healthcare system more than $2.5 billion (USD) each year.4

A proven strategy for adhesion prevention

Multiple clinical studies have shown that intraoperative application of a physical barrier between tissues helps prevent the formation of adhesions, reducing the incidence of postoperative pain and other complications. Fziomed’s synthetic gels offer unique advantages for proactive protection due to their novel, absorbable dual-polymer technology.

Connect with Fziomed

Contact us for additional information or to inquire about product availability in your country.

References

  1. De Wilde, et al., Prevention of adhesions in gynecological surgery: The 2016 experts recommendations of adhesion prophylaxis, Gynecol Obstet (Sunnyvale). 2017;7:2.
  2. Baber Z, Erdek M, Failed back surgery syndrome: current perspectives. J Pain Res. 2016;9:979-987.
  3. Xiao G, Wang J, Zhang N, Hao J, Factors predicting the adhesion and prolonged lost days of work in patients with extensor tendon adhesion of the hand. Front. Surg. 2024;11.1304202.
  4. Hassanabad AF, et al., Post-operative adhesions: A comprehensive review of mechanisms. Biomedicines. 2021;9:867.

Last update: Feb. 25, 2025